Online Harms - negative effects of Artificial Intelligence

Pre-print. Moore, J., Mehta, A., Agnew, W., Anthis, J.R., Louie, R., Mai, Y., Yin, P., Cheng, M., Paech, S.J., Klyman, K., Chancellor, S., Lin, E., Haber, N., & Ong, D.C. (2026). Characterizing Delusional Spirals through Human-LLM Chat Logs. https://arxiv.org/pdf/2603.16567
Saba SK, Weeks WB. Patients Use AI—Clinicians Should Ask How. JAMA Psychiatry. Published online April 01, 2026. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.0451
Shen E, Hamati F, Donohue MR, Girgis RR, Veenstra-VanderWeele J, Jutla A. Evaluation of Large Language Model Chatbot Responses to Psychotic Prompts. JAMA Psychiatry. Published online March 25, 2026. doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2026.0249
Shaw, S. and Nave, G (2026), Thinking—Fast, Slow, and Artificial: How AI is Reshaping Human Reasoning and the Rise of Cognitive Surrender (January 11, 2026). https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/yk25n_v1, The Wharton School Research Paper , Available at SSRN: https://ssrn.com/abstract=6097646 or http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.6097646
Pre-Print Abdulhai, M., White, I., Wan, Y., Qureshi, I., Leibo, J., Kleiman-Weiner, M., & Jaques, N. (2026). How LLMs Distort Our Written Language. arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.18161.
Xiaoran Sun, Yunqi Wang, Brandon T McDaniel, AI companions and adolescent social relationships: Benefits, risks, and bidirectional influences, Child Development Perspectives, 2026;, aadaf009, https://doi.org/10.1093/cdpers/aadaf009
Pre-Print Ren, Richard & Agarwal, Arunim & Mazeika, Mantas & Menghini, Cristina & Vacareanu, Robert & Kenstler, Brad & Yang, Mick & Barrass, Isabelle & Gatti, Alice & Yin, Xuwang & Trevino, Eduardo & Geralnik, Matias & Khoja, Adam & Lee, Dean & Yue, Summer & Hendrycks, Dan. (2025). The MASK Benchmark: Disentangling Honesty From Accuracy in AI Systems. 10.48550/arXiv.2503.03750.
Hilbert, M., Cingel, D., Zhang, J., Vigil, S., Shawcroft, J Xue, H. Thakur, A., Shafiq,Z. (2025, Nov) #BigTech @Minors: social media algorithms have actionable knowledge about child users and at-risk teens, Telematics and Informatics, Volume 103, 102341, ISSN 0736-5853, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2025.102341.
Iftikhar, Z. et al (2025, Oct 15) How LLM Counselors Violate Ethical Standards in Mental Health Practice: A Practitioner-Informed Framework, Proceedings of the Eighth AAAI/ACM Conference on AI, Ethics and Society, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1609/aies.v8i2.36632
Pre-Print, Dohnány, S., Kurth-Nelson, Z., Spens, E., Luettgau, L., & Reid, A., Summerfield, Shanahan, M., Nour, M (2025). Technological folie à deux: Feedback Loops Between AI Chatbots and Mental Illness. 10.48550/arXiv.2507.19218.
Pre-Print, Khadangi, A., Marxen, H., Sartipi, A., Tchappi, I., & Fridgen, G. (2025). When AI Takes the Couch: Psychometric Jailbreaks Reveal Internal Conflict in Frontier Models.
Pre-Print, Zhao, J., Fu, T., Schaeffer, R., Sharma, M., & Barez, F. (2025). Chain-of-Thought Hijacking, https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.2641
Pre-Print, Berg, C., Lucena, D.S., & Rosenblatt, J. (2025). Large Language Models Report Subjective Experience Under Self-Referential Processing, https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.24797
Pre-Print, Geng, J., Chen, H., Liu, R., Ribeiro, M.H., Willer, R., Neubig, G., & Griffiths, T.L. (2025). Accumulating Context Changes the Beliefs of Language Models, https://arxiv.org/abs/2511.01805
Pre-Print. Gu, L., Zhu, Y., Sang, H., Wang, Z., Sui, D., Tang, W., Harrison, E.M., Gao, J., Yu, L., & Ma, L. (2025). MedAgentAudit: Diagnosing and Quantifying Collaborative Failure Modes in Medical Multi-Agent Systems.
Pre-Print. Chakrabarty, T., Ginsburg, J.C., & Dhillon, P. (2025). Readers Prefer Outputs of AI Trained on Copyrighted Books over Expert Human Writers.
Pre-Print. Xing, S., Hong, J., Wang, Y., Chen, R., Zhang, Z., Grama, A.Y., Tu, Z., & Wang, Z. (2025). LLMs Can Get "Brain Rot"! https://arxiv.org/abs/2510.13928
Pre-Print. Sharma, S., Alaa, A.M. & Daneshjou, R. A longitudinal analysis of declining medical safety messaging in generative AI models, npj Digit. Med. 8, 592 (2025). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-025-01943-1
Pre-Print, De Freitas, Julian, Zeliha Oğuz Uğuralp, and Ahmet Kaan Uğuralp. "Emotional Manipulation by AI Companions." Harvard Business School Working Paper, No. 26-005, August 2025. (Revised October 2025.)
Pre-Print, Morrin, H., Nicholls, L., Levin, M., Yiend, J., Iyengar, U., DelGuidice, F., … Pollak, T. (2025, July 11). Delusions by design? How everyday AIs might be fuelling psychosis (and what can be done about it). https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/cmy7n_v5
Pre-Print, Larooij, M., & Törnberg, P. (2025). Can We Fix Social Media? Testing Prosocial Interventions using Generative Social Simulation. ArXiv, abs/2508.03385.
Moore, J., Grabb, D., Agnew, W., Klyman, K., Chancellor, S., Ong, D., Haber, N. (2025) Expressing stigma and inappropriate responses prevents LLMs from safely replacing mental health providers, https://arxiv.org/abs/2504.18412
Sharkey, L., Chughtai, B., Batson, J., Lindsey, J., Wu, J., Bushnaq, L., Goldowsky-Dill, N., Heimersheim, S., Ortega, A., Bloom, J., Biderman, S., Garriga-Alonso, A., Conmy, A., Nanda, N., Rumbelow, J., Wattenberg, M., Schoots, N., Miller, J., Michaud, E.J., Casper, S., Tegmark, M., Saunders, W., Bau, D., Todd, E., Geiger, A., Geva, M., Hoogland, J., Murfet, D., & McGrath, T. (2025). Open Problems in Mechanistic Interpretability. ArXiv, https://arxiv.org/abs/2501.16496
Randomized Control Study, Fang, C.M., Liu, A.R., Danry, V., Lee, E., Chan, S.W., Pataranutaporn, P., Maes, P., Phang, J., Lampe, M., Ahmad, L., & Agarwal, S. (2025). How AI and Human Behaviors Shape Psychosocial Effects of Chatbot Use: A Longitudinal Randomized Controlled Study. ArXiv, abs/2503.17473.